I have a friend, a black woman who's birth parents were from Sierra Leone, they came here as students when she was very young and then returned there for a number of years, leaving my friend in the care of white foster parents in Essex. When she was about 12 her parents came back to England to reclaim their daughter. My friend kicked up merry hell as by this time she had been with her foster parents for most of her childhood. I don't know the full ins and outs of the matter, but the final upshot was that she was allowed to stay with the foster parents who later adopted her and her natural parents returned to Africa without her and I believe that was the last she had contact with them. She married one of my husband's friends which is how I met her anyway and I know that she told her husband that she regards her adoptive parents as her true mother and father and feels that her natural family abandoned her, she also has said that she has no interest in her roots in Africa whatsoever. Her husband is white and English as are most of her friends, she even opened and ran a traditional tea shop with a friend for a while. She has made no bones about the fact that she loved her now deceased white parents dearly and has virtually no memory of the African parents who gave her up, albeit temporarily for about 10 years or so before showing any interest in getting her back. So what I'm saying is she is about as English as she could possibly be in her lifestyle, attitudes, memories, everything. She is now a woman in her 50s, I often wonder what her life would have been like if this had all played out more recently as it now seems imperative to the powers that be that children of different cultures should be in touch with their roots, but what if, like my friend they have no desire to do this and are quite happy with their lives in their adopted country, surely their personal happiness should come first.