It could be to do with diet - maybe lack of calcium. Joey has cuttlefish available throughout the summer and often gnaws on it. I've also read somewhere that lack of UV can distort the growth of shell but in some species of tortoise the shell can curl naturally at the back, particularly in males.
The only thing I am reasonably sure about is that "pyramiding", where the shell is very bumpy and lumpy, is caused by over-feeding. It's very hard (actually impossible) where I live to find a vet who knows about tortoises, I have to rely on books and tortoise forums online for any advice I need.
Good Morning Friday 3rd July 2026
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