I think you are right, Cabbie.
It doesn't always require Self Assessment. HMRC already has Simple Assessment for cases where there is a straightforward underpayment of tax.
There is no mechanism to automatically collect tax on State Pension if there is no other source of income against which to operate a tax code.
As it is, we are already in the realm of K codes. These are negative tax codes where the untaxed income (and/or adjustment for previous year underpayments) to be taken into account exceeds the tax personal allowance of £12,570.
K codes are limited in that an employer or pension provider cannot deduct more than half of your pre-tax wages or pension in any single pay period. In other words, if the source against which a K code is operated is small, say a small occupational pension, then the person could still end up owing tax at the end of the year.
The government have insisting on keeping the tax personal allowance at £12,570 even though the freeze introduced by Sunak was only meant to last for two years. Hunt extended it and Reeves extend it further. There is no indication that Healey is about to change this.
If £12,570 is the threshold above which the government has decided people should pay tax then allowing one very specific part of demographic to be let off if their income is just over 13,000 is opening a can of worms.
This could be similar to what happened over Winter Fuel Payment in 2024 when people in receipt if Pension Credit could claim it but those just over the cliff edge on full nSP could not. The Pension Credit cut off is always left at a rate just under the rate off nSP to deliberately cut off a whole swathe of people from being able to claim the other benefits that Pension Credit claimants can, such as help with dental and eye care costs, Warm Home Discount and free TV Licence if over 74.
HMRC has informal “tolerances” anyway, small sums of underpaid tax they can write off, usually up to £50 or so but that has always been done on a case by case basis and not on a larger scale for a particular demographic.
For 2027/8, full new State Pension and no other income will incur a tax liability of £93. Effectively HMRC will be increasing the tolerance to £100 - but only for some. But then what happens the following year and the year after if the tax personal allowance remains frozen?
We shall have to see what Healey announces about this, but if he isn’t going to apply this to others who have the same aggregate income but where there is the mechanism to collect the tax, then it is going to be unfair.
On the one hand, there’s the argument that if you know you need to be paying £2 a week in tax, then put it aside. On the other hand, having to issue thousands of Simple Assessment every year to collect small amounts of tax is a lot of work for little return.
There are already many people who have State Pension in excess of the tax personal allowance. There are over 800,000 people who have SP in excess of £350 a week, over £18,000 a year. Those will be people who paid into SERPS/SSP. They may never have been in a works pension scheme so have no other source of income against which to operate a tax code. They will have been paying the tax for years.
It would be a lot simpler and fairer if the tax age allowance was reintroduced. It worked for 40 years before George Osborne abolished it in 2015. It operated on a tapering scale so it would work to keep the poorest pensioners out of the tax net without workarounds, but without giving advantage to better off pensioners. That would not go down well while intergenerational warfare over the State Pension continues to be stoked.