My two are in their late 30’s. They used the bus into town or city centre from high school age. We drove them to university open days, it was positive for all of us.
Their older boys are 8 and 9 years old and are driven or walked everywhere. It’s difficult to measure the kind of freedom our generation had, busses to the cinema or swimming pool from about age 9, with the tighter supervision mine had and very little freedom my grandchildren have.
Traffic is the main danger. Then, parents are blamed if things go wrong. Eg one summer we spent hours ‘fishing’ in a farmers pond. We’d all been warned by parents not to go there, I couldn’t swim so had v strict instructions. We were all very careful to keep our socks n shoes dry ‘your mum will kill you if you get wet, she’ll know you’ve been here’, the wise older kids said. This was in the days when you’d leave home after breakfast with a sandwich, apple, bottle water/pop and magically reappear at tea time